The current situation and developing direction of crude oil desanders
by
OgpeChina
In the process of exploiting thick oil, some sands in the oil layer will be brought to the ground and flow into the surface transmission system when crude oil is extracted from underground. However, the existence of sand will make pipelines plugged and do some damages to pumps and metering instruments. Too much sand sediment will make some trouble for heating system and separating equipment of oil, gas and water. The sand, moreover, will also create a series of problems for gathering and transmission equipments on the ground:
(1) The stoppage and sediment of sand reduce the volume of separator and crude oil storage tank, increase maintenance cost, cutting back crude oil production, and influencing the separating ability of setting tank and the quality of products.
(2) The stoppage of processing equipment caused by sand, which make control valve disable, increase the cleaning and maintaining work.
(3) On one hand the problems reduce the utilization efficiency of oil resource; on the other hand environment and humans health will be harmed indirectly.
(4) As surface gathering system can not work hermetically because of the existence of sand, it will cause the light hydrocarbon to be leaked and wasted, polluting the atmosphere.
(5) The sand sediment on the surface of heating system is dangerous for heat exchange.
(6) It will be more difficult to separate oil products.
Obviously those problems have an adverse impact on producing, gathering and transforming crude oil. As a result, oil-sand separating process is a must.
At present, the most common crude oil desanders in the world mainly include: Mozley Wellspin Desander made by Natco Company in USA, TORE Desander made by Merpro in UK, Fula Oilfield Desander and those multinational using equipments such as Desanding Centrifugal Device, Desanding Setting Tank and Cyclone Desander. Their working principles are based on settling separation, centrifugal separation and filtering separation. However, filtering separation is not good for continuous operation, because in this process filtration medium needs backwash. Therefore, filtering separation is not widely used.
Based on the applications, desanding device shall be developed in the following directions:
(1)Systematize the desanders by combining the processes of separating, cleaning and discharging sand.
(2)Because cyclone desander has high efficiency with low cost, research and develop it as a key desanding device.
(3)For the high sand content and wide size distribution range of in crude oil, use multi-stage separating operation to bring different desanding devices advantages into full use.
(4)In order to remove sand without danger and harm to environment, it is necessary to be equipped with a relevant sand washer. For heavy thick oil, a viscosity reduction equipment is also required.
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The current situation and developing direction of crude oil desanders }